87 cams
The spread of public webcams in Russia is tied to two things: scale and control. The country spans eleven time zones, so the practical reason for most cameras is distance. Federal highway agencies operate traffic cams along the main routes out of Moscow and St Petersburg, and on the M-4 Don and M-11 Neva corridors, where winter fog and ice make driving risky. Regional road authorities add their own on passes in the Caucasus and on the icy stretches of Siberia. These are the cameras to watch before a long drive, not for urban congestion alone. The next big group is urban observation. Almost every city with more than a few hundred thousand people runs a municipal surveillance network, and many of those feeds are public. They show central squares, bridges, and busy intersections, which makes them useful for checking whether a parade, a storm, or a traffic jam is happening right now. Moscow's Ring Road has a dense row of cameras, and so does the embankment along the Neva in St Petersburg. Wildlife and zoo cameras form a distinctive category, often set up by nature reserves trying to monitor snow leopards in the Altai or tigers in the Far East, though those feeds can be intermittent. Rivers and lakes matter too: the Volga, the Angara, and Lake Baikal have webcams at gauging stations used to track ice breakup in spring and water levels for shipping. What you will not find is consistent coverage of small towns; the interesting Russian cams are the ones that show a frozen river at minus thirty or a round-the-clock view of a Kremlin wall.